Polyurethane e nang le metsi ke mofuta o mocha oa tsamaiso ea polyurethane e sebelisang metsi ho e-na le metsoako ea tlhaho e le mokhoa oa ho qhalakanya. E na le melemo ea ho se na tšilafalo, tšireletseho le botšepehi, thepa e babatsehang ea mochine, ho lumellana hantle, le phetoho e bonolo.
Leha ho le joalo, lisebelisoa tsa polyurethane li boetse li na le bothata ba ho hanyetsa metsi, ho hanyetsa mocheso, le ho hanyetsa ho qhibiliha ka lebaka la ho hloka li-bond tse tsitsitseng tse kopanyang.
Ka hona, hoa hlokahala ho ntlafatsa le ho ntlafatsa lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa ts'ebeliso ea polyurethane ka ho hlahisa li-monomers tse sebetsang joalo ka organic fluorosilicone, epoxy resin, acrylic ester, le nanomaterials.
Har'a tsona, lisebelisoa tsa polyurethane tse fetotsoeng li-nanomaterial li ka ntlafatsa haholo thepa ea tsona ea mochini, ho hanyetsa ho roala, le botsitso ba mocheso. Mekhoa ea ho fetola e kenyelletsa mokhoa oa ho kopanya motsoako, mokhoa oa in-situ polymerization, mokhoa oa ho kopanya, joalo-joalo.
Nano silika
SiO2 e na le sebopeho sa marang-rang a mararo, se nang le lihlopha tse ngata tse sebetsang tsa hydroxyl holim'a eona. E ka ntlafatsa thepa e akaretsang ea motsoako ka mor'a ho kopanngoa le polyurethane ke covalent bond le matla a van der Waals, a kang ho feto-fetoha ha maemo, ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng le o tlaase, ho hanyetsa botsofali, joalo-joalo Guo et al. Synthesized nano-SiO2 e fetotsoeng polyurethane e sebelisa mokhoa oa in-situ polymerization. Ha litaba tsa SiO2 li ne li ka ba 2% (wt, karolo ea boima, e tšoanang ka tlase), viscosity ea ho kuta le matla a peel a sekhomaretsi a ile a ntlafatsoa haholo. Ha ho bapisoa le polyurethane e hloekileng, ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng le matla a tsitsitseng le tsona li eketsehile hanyenyane.
Nano Zinc oxide
Nano ZnO e na le matla a phahameng a mochine, thepa e ntle ea antibacterial le bacteriostatic, hammoho le matla a matla a ho monya mahlaseli a infrared le tšireletso e ntle ea UV, e etsang hore e loketse ho etsa thepa e nang le mesebetsi e khethehileng. Awad et al. o sebelisitse mokhoa oa nano positron ho kenyelletsa li-filler tsa ZnO ho polyurethane. Phuputso e fumane hore ho na le tšebelisano ea li-interface pakeng tsa nanoparticles le polyurethane. Ho eketsa dikahare tsa nano ZnO ho tloha ho 0 ho isa ho 5% ho ile ha eketsa mocheso oa phetoho ea khalase (Tg) ea polyurethane, e leng ho ntlafatsa botsitso ba eona ba mocheso.
Nano Calcium carbonate
Tšebelisano e matla pakeng tsa nano CaCO3 le matrix e ntlafatsa haholo matla a tsitsitseng a thepa ea polyurethane. Gao et al. pele e fetotsoe nano-CaCO3 e nang le oleic acid, ebe e lokisoa polyurethane/CaCO3 ka in-situ polymerization. Teko ea infrared (FT-IR) e bontšitse hore nanoparticles e ne e qhalakantsoe ka mokhoa o ts'oanang ka har'a matrix. Ho latela liteko tsa ts'ebetso ea mochini, ho ile ha fumaneha hore polyurethane e fetotsoeng ka nanoparticles e na le matla a holimo ho feta polyurethane e hloekileng.
Graphene
Graphene (G) ke sebopeho se nang le moalo se kopantsoeng ke SP2 hybrid orbitals, se bonts'ang conductivity e ntle haholo, conductivity ea mocheso, le botsitso. E na le matla a holimo, e thata e ntle, 'me e bonolo ho kobeha. Wu et al. synthesized Ag / G / PU nanocomposites, 'me ka keketseho ea Ag / G content, botsitso ba mocheso le hydrophobicity ea lisebelisoa tse kopantsoeng li ile tsa tsoela pele ho ntlafala,' me ts'ebetso ea antibacteria le eona e ile ea eketseha ka tsela e nepahetseng.
Carbon Nanotubes
Li-nanotubes tsa carbon (CNTs) ke li-tubular nanomaterials tse nang le lehlakore le le leng tse hokahaneng ka li-hexagon, 'me hajoale ke e' ngoe ea lisebelisoa tse nang le mefuta e mengata ea ts'ebeliso. Ka ho sebelisa matla a eona a phahameng, conductivity, le thepa ea motsoako oa polyurethane, botsitso ba mocheso, thepa ea mochine le conductivity ea thepa e ka ntlafatsoa. Wu et al. e hlahisitse CNTs ka in-situ polymerization ho laola kholo le ho thehoa ha likaroloana tsa emulsion, e leng ho nolofalletsang CNTs ho qhalakanngoa ka mokhoa o ts'oanang ka har'a matrix a polyurethane. Ka litaba tse ntseng li eketseha tsa CNTs, matla a tsitsipano a thepa e kopantsoeng a ntlafalitsoe haholo.
Khamphani ea rona e fana ka Fumed Silica ea boleng bo holimo,Anti-hydrolysis Agents (li-crosslinking agents, Carbodiimide), Lisebelisoa tsa UV, joalo-joalo, tse ntlafatsang haholo ts'ebetso ea polyurethane.
Nako ea poso: Jan-10-2025